DOI: 10.3897/rio.12.e198587

Authors: Camille Musseau, Jessica Bathe-Peters, Jan Krzystolik, Jörn Geßner

Abstract: The Baltic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus, once widespread in rivers draining to the Baltic Sea, was extirpated by overfishing and habitat degradation and is now the focus of a basin-wide restoration programme. Since 2006, more than seven million hatchery-reared juveniles have been released in Baltic rivers, yet the movements, habitat use and survival of stocked fish remain poorly quantified. HaffStör aims to close these knowledge gaps and to provide an operational basis for adaptive, cross-border management of the recovering population in the Oder River–Szczecin Lagoon system (Germany/Poland).The project combines movement ecology, conservation biology and social sciences in four interconnected work packages. First, we optimise rearing protocols, comparing juveniles produced under different degrees of environmental control (ambient vs. static recirculating aquaculture systems), coupled with behavioural experiments on habitat choice and anti-predator responses. Second, we release tagged juveniles in the Lower Oder and Szczecin Lagoon and track their movements using active and passive acoustic telemetry, complemented by habitat mapping and benthic sampling, to identify key migration routes, habitat utilisation and zones of overlap with human activities, mainly associated with fisheries and navigation. Third, we develop and test a standardised, cost-effective monitoring framework, based on passive gears, fishery-independent surveys and environmental DNA, aligned with Bern Convention guidelines and intended to be transferable to other Baltic catchments. Fourth, we establish cooperation with commercial fisheries through targeted outreach to initiate structured by-catch reporting, co-designed surveys and joint project activities.By integrating ecological and fishery data, HaffStör will deliver robust estimates of juvenile survival and mortality drivers, refine release and monitoring strategies and generate spatially-explicit assessments of by-catch risk. Beyond new scientific insights into Baltic sturgeon ecology, the project seeks to strengthen stewardship amongst local communities and practitioners and to support evidence-based, transnational governance for this flagship migratory species.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.12.e193918

Authors: Erica Zaja, Will Brownlie, Rajabu Hamisi, Maja Arsic, Adelaide Asante, Hilary Barraclough, André Bationo, Martin Blackwell, Dana Cordell, James Elser, Oluwole Fatunbi, Kwame Frimpong, Elise Gallois, Enam Gbekor, Kailyn Harris-Gilliam, Philip Haygarth, Ludwig Hermann, Kenneth Irvine, Issy Lewis, Ning Liu, Vincent Logah, Kaushik Majumdar, Muneta Grace Manzeke-Kangara, Eric Mensah, Malika Mezeli, Michael Miyittah, Innocent Muhwezi, Frederick Otu-Larbi, Richard Padi, Kasper Reitzel, Seth Robinson, Collins Tay, Francis Tetteh, Louis Tetteh, Shamie Zingore, Bryan Spears

Abstract: Phosphorus sustains global food production and is, therefore, of crucial importance to human nutrition and health. However, its mismanagement can lead to water pollution and environmental degradation in addition to low crop yields. In many parts of sub-saharan Africa, phosphorus deficiency constrains agricultural productivity and exacerbates food insecurity. Despite these challenges, phosphorus remains a fragmented topic in global and African policy. To address these issues, the 8th Sustainable Phosphorus Summit (SPS8) was convened in Africa for the first time. SPS8 took place in Accra, Ghana, between 30th September and 3rd October 2025. The Summit was an international collaboration, with co-conveners from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) – Ghana, the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA), The UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology West Africa Office, Lancaster University and Rothamsted Research. In this paper, we give a detailed overview of the key messages and insights that emerged from highlight talks, lectures, working groups and field trips. We also discuss and reflect on the challenges of delivering an inclusive summit, from designing solutions to benefit-sharing. SPS8 demonstrates that inclusive, cross-sector knowledge-exchange events are crucial to support and enable phosphorus sustainability on the continent of Africa and globally and to enable the next generation of interdisciplinary phosphorus researchers.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.12.e183952

Authors: Andreea Nita, Montserrat Zamorano

Abstract: In response to climate change, the landmark Paris Agreement established a set of goals to achieve climate neutrality and limit global warming. To help investors and companies contribute to these goals, the EU adopted a taxonomy for sustainable activities and, in line with it investments, must do no significant harm, as indicated by the Recovery and Resilience Facility Regulation. Since its inception, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedure has aimed to minimise impacts of projects that could significantly damage the environment. Certainly, there are recognised weaknesses in the EIA, but its fitness to address complex environmental challenges, such as climate change, is unmatched. Considering the importance of EIA in ensuring scaling-up sustainable energy-related investments, NetDeal focuses on providing innovative and easy-to-use methods to improve EIA worldwide and combines policy analysis and EIA assessment data into complex networks. First, we analyse models of impact assessment (IA) legislation that can make recommendations about how IA can change to fit the global effort to tackle the energy and resource crises. Second, we will expose best practice models and investigate through network-related statistical analyses the collaboration links established in each EIA stage, which are behind successful projects from the perspective of productivity, circular economy, adaptation to climate change and reaching the goal of zero net emissions. Third, using Exponential Random Graph Models, I will explore the dynamic interaction between EIA stakeholders to diagnose the organisational structures and factors that strongly influence these projects. Last, I will create an integrated multi-layer EIA framework to improve the EIA effectiveness. The findings will be translated into the economic sector and provide new instruments to facilitate a streamlined EIA procedure that facilitates the adoption of urgent measures to mitigate the current energy crisis.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.11.e177579

Authors: Hideyuki Doi

Abstract: Humanity faces environmental crises on a scale that demands new scientific paradigms. While valuable, the application of artificial intelligence has largely been confined to a predictive role—a paradigm insufficient for the transformative action now required. We argue for a shift toward a generative framework, repositioning AI from an analytical tool to a facilitator of synthesis and communication. This perspective introduces a vision where advanced generative models, including text-to-video technologies, create dynamic, experiential simulations of designed ecosystems. This allows stakeholders to not only see a proposed design, but also to witness its potential dynamics, such as how a restored forest matures or how green infrastructure responds to climate events. Crucially, this approach empowers AI to act as a representative for non-human species, synthesizing data to visualize their needs. However, I emphasize the critical distinction between photorealistic visual rendering and rigorous biophysical simulation; the former must be grounded in the latter to avoid misleading outcomes. I critically examine the approach's inherent challenges, including the environmental footprint of these models, and argue for an indispensable "expert-in-the-loop" framework to guide and validate these powerful new tools. This paradigm shift has profound implications for scientific methodology and public engagement, heralding an era where interdisciplinary teams leverage AI to visualize, deliberate, and collaboratively shape a resilient planet.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e180508

Authors: Christopher John Topping, Noa Simon Delso, James Henty Williams, Johan Axelman

Abstract: EU chemical regulation remains slow, costly, and prone to “ecological surprises” such as unforeseen negative impacts, delayed neonicotinoid bans and ongoing pollinatordecline. Current approaches create silos, overlook cumulative impacts, and trap decisions in binary “safe/unsafe” categories.A systems-first, tools-second approach can deliver faster, cheaper, and more effective decisions by prioritising simulation and systems understanding before developing regulatory tools forEnvironmental Risk Assessment (ERA). Horizon Europe’s PollinERA project demonstrates how this can work in practice: building a prototype One Systemworkflow with interoperable data and models for pollinator risk assessment; an approach that can be expanded to other environmental domains.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e173693

Authors: Tom Breeze, W. Daniel Kissling, Maria Lumbierres, Joana Santana, Alejandra Morán-Ordóñez, Roy Van Grunsven, Tim Hirsch, Tree Robionson, Simon Potts, Ian McCallum, Ute Jandt, Cesar Capinha, Jessica Junker, Pavel Stoev, Camino Liquete, Henrique M. Pereira

Abstract: Although biodiversity monitoring costs are widely cited as a constraint, there have been very few assessments of these costs and even fewer studies have assessed the potential benefits of this monitoring. Here, we synthesise available evidence, alongside a comprehensive assessment of the costs of proposed biodiversity monitoring to explore the relative costs, benefits risks and opportunities in biodiversity monitoring. We find that the costs of biodiversity monitoring, €0.5bn-€3.6bn/year, are greatly outweighed by the combined economic benefits and opportunities arising from the availability of co-ordinated, high-quality data, which are estimated to be >€25.2bn/year.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e167014

Authors: Dorota Kołbuk, Julie Bremner, Ashley Cahillane, Valentina Di Gennaro, Tasman Crowe

Abstract: In this study we apply the bow-tie risk analysis framework to map the causes and consequences of decline or loss of five key Irish Sea ecosystem components: intertidal sandflats and mudflats, burrowing fauna including Dublin Bay prawn Nephrops norvegicus, blue mussel Mytilus edulis, commercially harvested fish, and wintering waterbirds. Main activities exerting multiple pressures on the Irish Sea ecosystem include energy production from offshore wind farms, tourism and leisure, fishing, transport, agriculture, urban and industrial uses, and waste treatment and disposal. All of them can contribute to decline in condition or loss of critical habitats and biota, leading to significant ecological, economic and sociocultural consequences. Understanding these consequences is essential for designing appropriate management responses. The bow-tie approach allows to identify management risks and highlights the most impactful control points for intervention to prevent or mitigate adverse biodiversity events.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e166451

Authors: Lorenzo Latini, Giorgio Massaro, Stefania Coppa, Jacopo Giampaoletti, Giuseppe de Lucia, Alessia Dinoi, Paolo Magni

Abstract: The Gulf of Oristano Area, located on the central-western coast of Sardinia (Italy, Mediterranean Sea), is a highly diverse and ecologically valuable region. This area features a mosaic of habitats, supports rich biodiversity, and sustains traditional fishing practices. It is also protected under various international and EU conservation frameworks. However, despite its ecological importance, the Gulf Area faces growing pressures from human activities such as overfishing, eutrophication, habitat loss, and the introduction of non-native species. This study applies a bow-tie risk analysis framework to identify key drivers, pressures, and consequences associated with three central ecological events: species decline and loss, habitat change, and increased competition with non-native species. Stakeholder consultations and standardized classification systems inform the assessment, highlighting the interplay between legal fishing, tourism, aquaculture, pollution, and infrastructure development. The analysis identifies both prevention and mitigation measures, such as spatial planning, environmental monitoring, citizen science, and sustainable tourism and fisheries initiatives. While the environmental regulation of the Gulf of Oristano Area provides a basis for ecosystem protection, persistent challenges – such as enforcement, fragmented governance, and low stakeholder engagement – hinder effectiveness. To ensure ecological integrity and socio-economic resilience in the central-western Sardinian coast, this study underscores the need for strengthened integrated coastal zone management, alignment with EU strategies, and investment in adaptive and participatory conservation approaches.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.10.e139777

Authors: Luciana Frazão, Joana Alves, Miguel Moreira, Paula Castro, Maria João Martins, Anabela Paula, António Gouveia, Helena Freitas

Abstract: Defined as the benefits derived from nature to humans, the Ecosystem Services (ES) concept clarifies how ecosystems contribute to human well-being. Despite its relevance, integrating this concept into decision-making processes remains a challenge. Participatory approaches have proven crucial in developing mechanisms for managing, conserving, sustainably using and valuing ES. This work aimed to analyse the perceptions of Portuguese Biosphere Reserves’ (BR) managers regarding the ES provided by these territories through a participatory workshop. During the workshop, each participant specified the most relevant ES provided by the BR. The study identified three key ES: "Cultivated terrestrial plants (including fungi, algae) grown for nutritional purposes", "Characteristics of living systems that enable scientific investigation or the creation of traditional ecological knowledge" and "Characteristics of living systems that enable education and training". Additionally, participants discussed perceived threats, opportunities and potential solutions to enhance the value of these key ES in these areas. "Climate change" and "Pollution" were identified as the most significant threats, while "Climate adaptation", "Quality of life" and "Sustainable agriculture" emerged as the main opportunities. Solutions to address threats and maximise opportunities include the establishment of a closer, systematic and articulated relationship within BR to promote sustainability and resilience. Overall, the workshop was positively evaluated and deemed productive. It was also considered a powerful tool to foster collaboration towards a more holistic promotion of BR' sustainable governance, benefitting the environment, communities and the economy.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e134026

Authors: Claudia Fornarini, Alessandra D'Alessio, Jeremy Dertien, Néstor Fernández, Francisco Moreira, Anandi Sarita Namasivayam, Louise O'Connor, Henrique Pereira, Peter Verburg, Carlo Rondinini

Abstract: A key goal of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 is the design of a connected Trans European Nature Network (TEN-N), that helps to build a coherent and resilient network of protected areas across Europe. The TEN-N will need to consider and integrate societal perspectives on future biodiversity protection in Europe, accounting for multiple values and perspectives of nature. The NaturaConnect project, through a process of co-design with stakeholders, is developing narratives on future nature protection in Europe using the Nature Futures Framework (NFF). In this framework. three value perspectives of nature are presented at each corner of a triangle: Nature for Nature, Nature as Culture, and Nature for Society. By using this framework, NaturaConnect aligns with global efforts on scenario development auspicated by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). This report outlines the development of scenario narratives for Europe of the NaturaConnect project. The development of the narratives considered the global and European policy context as a starting point, and included a stakeholder engagement process conducted to elicit stakeholders' preferences and visions in relation to future nature conservation and management in Europe. These narratives present contrasting perspectives and priorities for seven themes: Protected areas, Connectivity and Restoration, Forestry, Freshwater ecosystems, Urban system, Agriculture, Energy. These topics are key to building a more positive future for nature and people. Besides specificities for each narrative, we also identify commonalities across the three perspectives, including macroeconomic trend assumptions, biodiversity strategic goals of the European Union and shared solutions that are necessary to achieve any positive nature future.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e128158

Authors: Helge Bruelheide, Ute Jandt, Néstor Fernández, Andres Marmol-Guijarro, Bruno Smets, Marcel Buchhorn, Lori Giagnacovo, Giorgia Milli, Borja Jimenez-Alfaro, Jose Manuel Álvarez-Martínez

Abstract: The report demonstrates the potential workflows to leverage monitoring data on biodiversity to assess the status of two selected habitats of the Habitats Directive, Nardus grasslands (EU habitats directive Annex I 6230*) and forest dominated by Fagus sylvatica on acidic soils (habitat 9110).

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.10.e124018

Authors: Marie Neumann, Franziska Ehnert

Abstract: How can we re-integrate knowledge generated in real-world laboratories (RWLs) into societal practice? In the RWL “Dresden – City of the Future 2030+”, the re-integration of knowledge was central to the research design. In this Workshop Report, we focus on facilitation methods for knowledge re-integration into societal practice. This is to guide transdisciplinary research practice and help researchers in designing and facilitating such research processes. We conceptualise knowledge re-integration, based on the current literature. Further, we describe our facilitation methods (two workshop formats) to document and reflect on our experiences. A self-reflective evaluation is conducted with the help of evaluation criteria synthesised from the literature on transdisciplinary research (TDR). Our reflections confirm that the facilitation of exchange with the target group/target context can greatly enhance the transferability of knowledge gained in TDR settings. In our conclusion, we highlight the importance of facilitators and knowledge brokers, as well as co-creation with local stakeholders to reach out to the target group.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e124640

Authors: Julian Lopez Gordillo, Patrik Lauha, Ari Lehtiö, Ossi Nokelainen, Anis Rahman, Allan Souza, Jussi Talaskivi, Gleb Tikhonov, Aurélie Vancraeyenest, Otso Ovaskainen

Abstract: Bird populations respond rapidly to environmental change making them excellent ecological indicators. Climate shifts advance migration, causing mismatches in breeding and resources. Understanding these changes is crucial to monitor the state of environment. Citizen science offers vast potential to collect biodiversity data. We outline a project that combines citizen science with AI-based bird sound classification. The mobile app records bird vocalizations that are classified by AI and stored for re-analysis. Also, it shows a shared observation board that visualizes collective classifications. By merging long-term monitoring and modern citizen science, this project harnesses both approaches’ strengths for comprehensive bird population monitoring.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.10.e116333

Authors: Katja Liebal, Vera Denzer, Nico Eisenhauer, Immo Fritsche, Ute Kunzmann, Linda Oña, Martin F. Quaas, Ingmar Staude, Christian Wirth

Abstract: Human activities and their consequences, such as environmental pollution, the exploitation of resources or deforestation, are major causes of biodiversity loss. However, humans depend on a biologically diverse and healthy environment in many ways, as it provides access to clean water, air and food. The loss of biodiversity is an ecological crisis that threatens human health, and ultimately their very existence. At the same time, there is an unwavering interest in the positive effects of "nature" on mental health. Although these examples point to a connection between biodiversity and health, little is known about the causal effects of different facets of biodiversity on mental health. Exploring these relationships and the underlying psychological mechanisms is a major goal of this project. We will build on the expertise of an interdisciplinary team involving scholars from psychology, biodiversity research, human geography, and behavioural economics and combine this expertise with a variety of methods, with a focus on quantitative research, experimental and intervention designs, and investigate participants from different age groups to understand the causal effects of different environments with varying degrees of biological diversity on mental health, and to identify the physical, social, and psychological boundary conditions of these causal effects.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e116667

Authors: Benjamin Beuster, Hilde Orten

Abstract: The paper focuses on the technical workflow description of EOSC Future’s Science Project 9 'Climate Neutral and Smart Cities', using reputable data sources such as the European Social Survey (ESS), the European Environmental Agency (EEA), and Copernicus ERA5.A significant contribution of this project to the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) is its demonstration of cross-domain data integration using the DDI-CDI metadata standard. This serves as a practical example of how the DDI-CDI Process model can offer a standardised methodology for detailing integration processes, thereby ensuring clarity for researchers dealing with integrated data and computed variables.The paper outlines the key elements of the CDI-Process model selected for this approach, which includes around 10 classes such as 'Activity,' 'Step,' and 'Parameter.' These classes form the structural framework for the data integration steps.Additionally, a tool developed under the project visualises the entire workflow as outlined in the CDI workflow description

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.9.e115395

Authors: Maud Bernard-Verdier, Tina Heger, Daniel Mietchen, Camille Musseau, Marc Brinner, Alexander Hillig, Peter Kraker, Sophie Lokatis, Ana Luisa Nunes, Nils Scheidweiler, Markus Stocker, Roxane Vial, Lars Vogt, Sven Bacher, Eya Baklouti, Harsh Bardhan Gupta, Jean-Nicolas Beisel, Sandro Bertolino, Elizabeta Briski, Gustavo Castellanos-Galindo, Franck Courchamp, Ella Daly, Wayne Dawson, James Dickey, Thomas Evans, Yuval Itescu, Birgitta Koenig-Ries, Lohith Kumar, Sabrina Kumschick, Laura Meyerson, Zarah Pattison, William Pfadenhauer, David Renault, Fiona Rickowski, Florian Ruland, Conrad Schittko, Tanja Straka, Florencia Yannelli, Jonathan Jeschke

Abstract: With the exponential increase in scientific publications, new conceptual and technological tools are needed to help scientists, students, managers and policy-makers to navigate and digest current scientific knowledge. Hi Knowledge is an initiative to synthesise and visualise scientific knowledge, with an initial focus on invasion biology that is currently expanding to include urban ecology, restoration ecology and freshwater ecology. In a workshop on 5-6 June 2023 in Berlin, Germany, we discussed and tested a collection of new open tools related to this initiative in order to publish, curate, explore and synthesise concepts and results in ecology. Three main themes were discussed during in-person breakout group sessions: (1) building and using open tools for knowledge curation, exploration and synthesis; (2) making open knowledge searchable and machine friendly by improving modelling and annotation of scientific knowledge; and (3) extending beyond the field of invasion biology. We report on the discussions of all twelve sessions pertaining to these themes. A main underlying goal of our workshop was to build a community of scientists involved in openly co-designing and using these tools. Overall, the participants were enthusiastic about the usefulness of these tools and discussions gravitated around improving them and finding strategies to scale-up participation by the community. Follow-up user tests and publications are planned for individual tools and topics.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e115047

Authors: Arofan Gregory, Joachim Wackerow, Hilde Orten

Abstract: The Climate Neutral and Smart Cities project is part of the EOSC Future WP 6.3, exploring the best approaches for sharing data within cross-domain research projects. This paper looks at the implications for metadata exchange in a cross-domain research project, as explored in the project prototype. Cross-domain standard metadata is meeded to support collaborative research teams combining a mix of expertise, particularly around data lineage. 

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.9.e114370

Authors: Mohamed Ahusan, Nuria Rico-Seijo, Farah Amjad, Erika Gress, Shafiya Naeem, Toufiek Samaai, Kaveh Samimi-Namin, Lucy Woodall, Paris Stefanoudis

Abstract: The Nekton Maldives Taxonomic Workshop took place at the Maniyafushi Research Station in the Maldives between 12 and 23 February 2023. This workshop had two primary objectives. Firstly, it aimed to identify species from biological samples and underwater imagery collected during the Nekton Maldives Mission in 2022. Secondly, it sought to facilitate training and knowledge exchange sessions between early career researchers from the Maldives and international taxonomists. These sessions were designed to share knowledge and introduce fundamental taxonomy concepts and enhance practical identification skills for common reef benthic groups and major zooplankton taxonomic groups. A total of 24 people from 10 different countries were directly or indirectly involved with the workshop comprising nine taxonomic experts, eleven trainees and four organisers. Collectively, we identified 278 biological specimens including potentially undescribed species of hydroids, black corals, sponges and octocorals, 318 morphotypes for underwater footage and zooplankton composition congruent with previous reports from the Indian Ocean Region. Next steps will involve depositing the specimens into a more a permanent facility to facilitate the process of specimen description and knowledge transfer.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e114675

Authors: Hilde Orten, David Rayner, Eirik Stavestrand, Iris Alfredsson, Ilze Lace, Irena Vipavc Brvar, Maja Dolinar, Joachim Wackerow, Hannah Clark

Abstract: Knowledge of how personal experience with climate and air quality influence personal attitudes, concerns, and actions about environmental issues is increasingly important. A solid foundation for such studies is to combine interview or survey data on respondents’ attitudes and beliefs with indices created from independent meteorological or environmental monitoring data matched to the respondents location.In this project,  indicators of climate and air pollution were integrated with data from the European Social Survey for a selection of large European urban regions. A prototype provenance description application was also developed for describing the workflow for creating indicators and integrating data.Our main focus was on creating indicators that represent regional anomalies in local air quality and weather for a range of time windows up-to-and-including the dates of the interviews. The goal is to facilitate investigation of relationships between urban citizen’s attitudes and behaviors as represented in the survey responses and the conditions in their local environment.  

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.9.e108804

Authors: Daniel Mietchen

Abstract: This proposal outlines an open, transparent and collaborative process to design a Metascience Institute that would apply the scientific method onto itself, with the mission to improve the research landscape systemically in terms of maximizing societal benefit and public documentation thereof. This facility is envisaged to engage in the systematic study of the research ecosystem, initially at a national level in Germany but later on also in other contexts. As such, the Metascience Institute would assess systemic properties, interactions of different components within and beyond the research system and how the roles played by various components are aligned with goals of relevant stakeholder groups and broader societal benefits. Collaborating with any interested stakeholders on an initially narrow yet steadily expanding range of intra- and transdisciplinary use cases and using an appropriate mix of experimental, theoretical, empirical and computational approaches, the Metascience Institute would assess existing and proposed policies and practices in the research ecosystem and engage in public discourse around them, including by assessing the relative costs, benefits and side effects of alternative parametrizations of the system. The project proposed here is to design the organizational structure of such a Metascience Institute in an evidence-based and community-led fashion, to seed it with organizational values, to establish it as an independent legal entity with open and transparent policies and practices, to provide it with an initial technical infrastructure online, to design evidence-based and sustainable mechanisms by which it prioritizes its activities, and to document the entire process in a way that would facilitate reuse and adaptation by other communities or entities aiming at evidence-based systemic improvements to the research ecosystem or selected niches within it.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e107872

Authors: Hilde Orten, Bodil Agasøster, Eric Harrison

Abstract: The main objective of the Science Project (SP) Climate Neutral and Smart Cities is to demonstrate that environmental data and data about people’s attitudes, behavior and involvement can be combined for social, political and scientific analysis. In the project, scientists from the Social Sciences & Humanities Open Cloud (SSHOC) and Environmental Research Infrastructures (ENVRI) community work together with the aim of producing new and useful outputs for the benefit of the research community, such as indicators related to environmental indices, and methods and workflows for computing them. The environmental variables will be integrated with data from the European Social Survey for a selection of big European city regions. Data and metadata from the project will be accessible through a new prototype application that will be made available as an exploratory “labs” service from the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Portal and the EOSC Marketplace. This will allow easy access to cross-domain data for scientific analysis and their provenance, as well as to other deliverables from the project.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.9.e105155

Authors: Mathilde Bessert-Nettelbeck, Andreas Bischof, Ulrike Sturm, Emilia Nagy, Martina Schraudner, Julia Backhaus, Till Bruckermann, Susanne Hecker, Justus Henke, Karola Köpferl, Sabrina Kirschke, Christin Liedtke, Felix Mahr, Arne Maibaum, Audrey Podann, Wiebke Rössig, Martina Schäfer, Carolin Schröder, Philipp Schrögel, Victoria Shennan, Norbert Steinhaus, Mhairi Stewart, Vanessa van den Bogaert, Silke Voigt-Heucke

Abstract: Citizen science, transdisciplinary research, dialogic forms of science communication or public engagement: these and other research approaches and fields, often subsumed under participatory research, have in common that they enable people outside of academia to actively engage in the production of scientific knowledge. However, each of these fields sets its own goals, uses different formats and has a different scope and impact. The conference 'Opportunities and Limitations of Participation in Academia' held in September 2022 as part of the German Science Year 'Participate!' aimed to connect the various participation communities in Germany and to explore commonalities and success factors. Through intensive discussions in four working groups, a keynote speech and a panel discussion, the conference initiated an exchange of ideas and experiences amongst researchers in a converging field. This report is a summary of the key questions and outcomes of the conference.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e106369

Authors: Christos Arvanitidis, Ron Dekker, Andreas Petzold, Niklas Blomberg, Giovanni Lamanna, Rudolf Dimper, Cristina Isabel Huertas Olivares, Ana Mellado, Matthew Viljoen, Sally Chambers, Montserrat González, Sophie Viscido

Abstract: The Special Collection of articles on the Science Projects of the EOSC Future project, funded by the European Commission, refers to one of the essential components of the project. This editorial article explains how the Science Projects fit to the EOSC Future, the way their concept has been developed and evolved during the preparation and the implementation of the project and it also makes an introduction to the templates developed by the Science Projects as a plan to carry out their activities.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.9.e96476

Authors: Étienne Serbe-Kamp, Jens Bemme, Daniel Pollak, Katja Mayer

Abstract: Citizen Science or community science has been around for a long time. The scope of community involvement in Citizen Science initiatives ranges from short-term data collection to intensive engagement to delve into a research topic together with scientists and/or other volunteers. Although many volunteer researchers have academic training, it is not a prerequisite for participation in research projects. It is important to adhere to scientific standards, which include, above all, transparency with regard to the methodology of data collection and public discussion of the results, and open educational resources (OER). Hereby, Citizen Science is closely linked to Open Science. In our contribution, we will introduce two projects, both developed within the Wikimedia Fellowship Freies Wissen.The top-down approach: ERGo! An Entomology Research Tool to raise awareness of biodiversity protection.Inclusion in academia and pressing social problems such as climate change are fundamentally social justice issues. To facilitate early participation in the scientific process on the part of people holding underrepresented identities in science, we develop a Citizen Science initiative based on a low-cost open-source platform (ERGo!) to perform a technique for electrical recordings from insect eyes known as electroretinograms (ERGs) while presenting visual stimuli. Pasadena Unified School District High School students pilot ERG experiments to test the feasibility of this technique as a large-scale Citizen Science initiative. With ERGo!, future Citizen Scientists contribute data to cutting-edge research that monitors insect biodiversity, adaptation, and health in rapidly changing environments caused by monocultures, pesticides, and climate change.The bottom-up approach: Open cultural data collection. A Citizen Science initiative for regional knowledge curation.We catalogued the 18th century German magazine ‘Die Gartenlaube’ (in Wikisource) with bibliographic metadata in Wikidata in a project called ‘Die Datenlaube’. We develop collaborative approaches for linked open data methods to produce data sets about historical knowledge. The concept of ‘Open Citizen Science’ offers a methodological baseline for Open Science practises in fields of digital humanities. Scanned documents and structured open metadata revealed open access to historic collections. Through the Wikimedia platforms 'Die Datenlaube' creates possibilities to edit entries, to design own investigations, and to contribute to OER.Based on the elaboration of the two rather different projects (natural and social sciences, involvement of pupils vs citizens, top-down vs bottom-up), we will discuss similarities and hence the challenges and lessons learned for using and developing Open Science elements in Citizen Science and mutual learning. Furthermore, we will conclude by focusing on the opportunities resulting from the integration of societal expectations in science and vice versa.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e98874

Authors: Audrey Darnaude, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Ewan Hunter, Oscar Gaggiotti, Anna Sturrock, Maria Beger, Filip Volckaert, Angel Pérez-Ruzafa, Lucía López-López, Susanne E. Tanner, Cemal Turan, Servet Ahmet Doğdu, Stelios Katsanevakis, Federica Costantini

Abstract: Truly sustainable development in a human-altered, fragmented marine environment subject to unprecedented climate change, demands informed planning strategies in order to be successful. Beyond a simple understanding of the distribution of marine species, data describing how variations in spatio-temporal dynamics impact ecosystem functioning and the evolution of species are required. Marine Functional Connectivity (MFC) characterizes the flows of matter, genes and energy produced by organism movements and migrations across the seascape. As such, MFC determines the ecological and evolutionary interdependency of populations, and ultimately the fate of species and ecosystems. Gathering effective MFC knowledge can therefore improve predictions of the impacts of environmental change and help to refine management and conservation strategies for the seas and oceans. Gathering these data are challenging however, as access to, and survey of marine ecosystems still presents significant challenge. Over 50 European institutions currently investigate aspects of MFC using complementary methods across multiple research fields, to understand the ecology and evolution of marine species. The aim of SEA-UNICORN, a COST Action supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology), is to bring together this research effort, unite the multiple approaches to MFC, and to integrate these under a common conceptual and analytical framework. The consortium brings together a diverse group of scientists to collate existing MFC data, to identify knowledge gaps, to enhance complementarity among disciplines, and to devise common approaches to MFC. SEA-UNICORN will promote co-working between connectivity practitioners and ecosystem modelers to facilitate the incorporation of MFC data into the predictive models used to identify marine conservation priorities. Ultimately, SEA-UNICORN will forge strong forward-working links between scientists, policy-makers and stakeholders to facilitate the integration of MFC knowledge into decision support tools for marine management and environmental policies.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e96082

Authors: Carlos Utrilla Guerrero, Maria Vivas Romero

Abstract: Arguments for the FAIR (Findable, Accesible, Inter-operable and Reusable) principles of science have mostly been based on appeals to values. However, the work of onboarding diverse researchers to make efficient and effective implementations of FAIR requires different appeals. In our recent effort to transform the institution into a FAIR University by 2025, here we report on the experiences of the Community of Data Driven Insights (CDDI), a interfaculty initiative where all university-wide research data service providers are joined together to support researchers and research groups (e.g. see research showcase example here) with all aspects concerning research data management. CDDI aims to turn all digital objects within Maastricht University (UM) into FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) and by disclosing the progress and challenges of implementing FDOs (e.g. see CDDI OSF repo: https://osf.io/398cz/), we hope to shed light on the process in a way that might be useful for other institutions in Europe and elsewhere. We initially identified 5 challenges for FDO implementation. These challenges were first a matter of reshaping the culture of science making practices to fit the FAIR principles. Additionally, it required an educational awareness within the scientific communities, and finally financial and technical tools to actually facilitate the transition to FAIR practices of science making. These perspectives show the complex dimensions of FAIR principles and FDO implementation to researchers across disciplines in a single university.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e95953

Authors: Ronit Purian, Natan Katz, Batya Feldman

Abstract: In this paper we aim to provide an implementation of the FAIR Data Points (FDP) spec, that will apply our bias detection algorithm and automatically calculate a FAIRness score (FNS). FAIR metrics would be themselves represented as FDOs, and could be presented via a visual dashboard, and be machine accessible (Mons 2020, Wilkinson et al. 2016). This will enable dataset owners to monitor the level of FAIRness of their data. This is a step forward in making data FAIR, i.e., Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable; or simply, Fully AI Ready data.First we may discuss the context of this topic with respect to Deep Learning (DL) problems. Why are Bayesian Networks (BN, explained below) beneficial for such issues?Explainability – Obtaining a directed acyclic graph (DAG) from a BN training provides coherent information about independence variables in the data base. In a generic DL problem, features are functions of these variables. Thus, one can derive which variables are dominant in our system. When customers or business units are interested in the cause of a neural net outcome, this DAG structure can be both a source to provide importance and clarify the model.Dimension Reduction — BN provides the joint distribution of our variables and their associations. The latter may play a role in reducing the features that we induce to the DL engine: If we know that for random variables X,Y the conditional entropy of X in Y are low, we may omit X since Y provides its nearly entire information. We have, therefore, a tool that can statistically exclude redundant variablesTagging Behavior – This section can be less evident for those who work in domains such as vision or voice. In some frameworks, labeling can be an obscure task (to illustrate, consider a sentiment problem with many categories that may overlap). When we tag the data, we may rely on some features within the datasets and generate conditional probability. Training BN, when we initialize an empty DAG, may provide outcomes in which the target is a parent of other nodes. Observing several tested examples, these outcomes reflect these “taggers’ manners”. We can therefore use DAGs not merely for the purpose of model development in machine learning but mainly learning taggers policy and improve it if needed.The conjunction of DL and Casual inference — Causal Inference is a highly developed domain in data analytics. It offers tools to resolve questions that on the one hand, DL models commonly do not and, on the other hand, the real-world raises. There is a need to find a framework in which these tools will work in conjunction. Indeed, such frameworks already exist (e.g., GNN). But a mechanism that merges typical DL problems causality is less common. We believe that the flow, as described in this paper, is a good step in the direction of achieving benefits from this conjunction.Fairness and Bias – Bayesian networks, in their essence, are not a tool for bias detection but they reveal which of the columns (or which of the data items) is dominant and modify other variables. When we discuss noise and bias, we address these faults to the column and not to the model or to the entire data base. However, assume we have a set of tools to measure bias (Purian et al. 2022). Bayesian networks can provide information about the prominence of these columns (as they are “cause” or “effect” in the data), thus allow us to assess the overall bias in the database.What are Bayesian Networks?The motivation for using Bayesian Networks (BN) is to learn the dependencies within a set of random variables. The networks themselves are directed acyclic graphs (DAG), which mimic the joint distribution of the random variables (e.g., Perrier et al. (2008)). The graph structure follows the probabilistic dependencies factorization of the joint distribution: a node V depends only on its parents (a r.v X independent of the other nodes will be presented as a parent free node).Real-World ExampleIn this paper we present a way of using the DL engine tabular data, with the python package bnlearn. Since this project is commercial, the variable names were masked; thus, they will have meaningless names.Constructing Our DAGWe begin by finding our optimal DAG.import bnlearn as bnDAG = bn.structure_learning.fit(dataframe) We now have a DAG. It has a set of nodes and an adjacency matrix that can be found as follow:print(DAG['adjmat']) The outcome has this form Fig. 1a.Where rows are sources (namely the direction of the arc is from the left column to the elements in the row) and columns are targets (i.e., the header of the column receives the arcs). When we begin drawing the obtained DAG, we get for one set of variables the following image: Fig. 1b.We can see that the target node in the rectangle is a source for many nodes. We can see that it still points arrows itself to two nodes. We will discuss this in the discussion (i.e., Rauber 2021). We have more variables, therefore I increased the number of nodes. Adding the information provided a new source for the target (i.e., its entire row is “False”). The obtained graph is the following: Fig. 1c.So, we know how to construct a DAG. Now we need to train its parameters. Code-wise we perform this as follows:model_mle = bn.parameter_learning.fit(DAG, dataframe, methodtype='maximumlikelihood')We can change ‘maximulikelihood’ with ‘bayes’ as described beyond. The outcome of this training is a set of factorized conditional distributions that reflect the DAG’s structure. It has this form for a given variable: Fig. 1d. The code to create DAG presentation is provided in Fig. 2. DiscussionIn this paper we have presented some of the theoretical concepts of Bayesian Networks and the usage they provide in constructing an approximated DAG for a set of variables. In addition, we presented a real-world example of end to end DAG learning: Constructing it using BN, training its parameters using maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) methods, and performing and inference.FAIR metrics, represented as FDOs, can also be visualised and monitored, taking care of data FAIRness.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e94988

Authors: Vincent Emonet, Remzi Çelebi, Jinzhou Yang, Michel Dumontier

Abstract: The objective of the FAIR Digital Objects Framework (FDOF) is for objects published in a digital environment to comply with a set of requirements, such as identifiability, and the use of a rich metadata record (Santos 2021, Schultes and Wittenburg 2019, Schwardmann 2020). With the increasing prevalence of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, and FAIR Digital Objects (FDO), used within different communities and domains (Wise et al. 2019), there will be a need to evaluate whether a FDO meets the requirements of the ecosystem in which it is used.Without a dedicated framework, communities will develop isolated assessment systems from the ground up (Sun et al. 2022, Bahim et al. 2020), which will cost them time, and lead to FAIRness assessments with limited interoperability and comparability.Previous work from the FAIR Metrics working group defined a framework for deploying individual FAIR metrics tests as separate services endpoints (Wilkinson et al. 2018, Wilkinson et al. 2019). To work in accordance with this framework, each test should take a subject URL as input, and return a score, either 0 or 1, a test version, and the test execution logs. A central service can then be used to assess the FAIRness of digital objects using collections of individual assessments. Such a framework could be easily extended, but there are currently no guidelines or tools to implement and publish new FAIRness assessments complying with this framework.To amend this problem, we published the fair-test library in python and its documentation, which help with developing and deploying individual FAIRness assessments. With this library, developers define their metric tests using custom python objects, which will guide them to provide all required metadata for their test as attributes, and implement the test evaluation logic as a function. The library also provides additional helper functions for common tasks, such as retrieving metadata from a URL, or testing a metric test.These tests can then be deployed as a web API, and registered in a central FAIR evaluation service supporting the FAIR metrics working group framework, such as FAIR enough or the FAIR evaluator. Finally, users of the evaluation services will be able to group the registered metrics tests in collections used to assess the quality of publicly available digital objects.There are currently as many as 47 tests that have been defined to assess compliance with various FAIR metrics, from which 25 have been defined using the fair-test library, including assessing if the identifier used is persistent, or if the metadata record attached to a digital object complies with a specific schema. This presentation introduces a user-friendly and extensible tool, which can assess whether specific requirements are met for a digital resource. Our contributions are: Developing and publishing the fair-test library to make the development and deployment of independent FAIRness assessment tests easier.Developing and publishing tests in python for existing FAIR metrics: 23 generic tests covering most of the FAIR metrics, and 2 domain-specific tests for the Rare Disease research community.We aim to engage with the FDO community to explore potential use-cases for an extensible tool to evaluate FDOs, and discuss their expectations related to the evaluation of digital objects.Insights and guidelines from the FDO community would contribute to further improving the fair-test ecosystem. Among improvements that are currently being under consideration, we can cite improving the collaborative aspect of metadata extraction, or adding new metadata to be returned by the tests.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e94771

Authors: Lane Rasberry, Daniel Mietchen

Abstract: Scholia for Software is a project to add software profiling features to Scholia, which is a scholarly profiling service from the Wikimedia ecosystem and integrated with Wikipedia and Wikidata. This document is an adaptation of the funded grant proposal. We are sharing it for several reasons, including research transparency, our wish to encourage the sharing of research proposals for reuse and remixing in general, to assist others specifically in making proposals that would complement our activities, and because sharing this proposal helps us to tell the story of the project to community stakeholders.A "scholarly profiling service" is a tool which assists the user in accessing data on some aspect of scholarship, usually in relation to research. Typical features of such services include returning the biography of academic publications for any given researcher, or providing a list of publications by topic. Scholia already exists as a Wikimedia platform tool built upon Wikidata and capable of serving these functions. This project will additionally add software-related data to Wikidata, develop Scholia's own code, and address some ethical issues in diversity and representation around these activities. The end result will be that Scholia will have the ability to report what software a given researcher has described using in their publications, what software is most used among authors publishing on a given topic or in a given journal, what papers describe projects which use some given software, and what software is most often co-used in projects which use a given software.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e81568

Authors: Pia Hollenbach, Monika Goetzoe, Malith de Silva

Abstract: The SARS-COV-2 pandemic created a serious shock and surprise to the disaster governance mechanisms in existence. Even the most advanced disaster governance systems in the world struggled to govern, respond, communicate risk and build resilience against the pandemic. The overall management – locally and globally- showed that relevant stakeholders such as social workers that work frontline but also within disaster management relevant fields, were not heart nor taken their potentials and knowledge into consideration to sustainably set up a disaster management and responds strategy. Applying a comparative multi-sited ethnographic approach, the study aims to highlight the potential agency of social work as a bridging agent to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of existing disaster governance and communication architecture and improve the resilience of communities to cope with the socio-ecological complexity of future disasters, similar to SARS-COV-2. Impact will be created in four main areas: (1) Actors in disaster governance will be educated using the new knowledge produced on contextualized disaster governance and communication strategies and impacts on community resilience; (2) Enhanced capacity and awareness of professional social work practitioners on their role/s as bridging agents within the disaster governance architecture to enhance disaster risk communication and community resilience; (3) Improved capacity for decision and policy-making and strengthened agency of social work in the field of disaster governance through the introduction of professional development training and the ToolKit SW2BRIDGE; and (4) Improved social work education at the university level through the introduction of a post-graduate programme on the application of social work in disasters.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e89446

Authors: Ulrike Sturm, Elisabeth Heyne, Elisa Herrmann, Bergit Arends, Anna-Lisa Dieter, Eric Dorfman, Frank Drauschke, Nicole Heller, Rebecca Kahn, Katja Kaiser, Gerda Koch, Nicolas Kramar, Alicia Mansilla Sánchez, Franz Mauelshagen, Tahani Nadim, Richard Pell, Mareike Petersen, Katharina Schmidt-Loske, Henning Scholz, Colin Sterling, Helmuth Trischler, Sarah Wagner

Abstract: The knowledge needed to tackle future environmental and societal challenges can only be generated through exchange between science and society. The conventional distinction made between natural and cultural heritage in museums and other institutions is no longer appropriate in the Anthropocene. Museums must rethink the social and cultural dimensions of existing museum collections and reinvent the organization of knowledge production for our present. In three workshops at the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, practitioners and interdisciplinary theorists discussed the concept of “Anthropocenic objects” and considered how they create opportunities for the emergence of new collecting practices involving participatory research and open exchange between research, society, and conservation institutions.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e82563

Authors: Susanne Arndt, Anna Beer, Ina Blümel, Carsten Elsner, Christian Hauschke, Dagmar Holste, Benjamin Kampe, Micky Lindlar, Gelareh Mofakhamsanie, Andreas Noback, Hedda Saemann, Stephan Tittel, Friedmar Voormann, Katja Wermbter, Roger Winkler

Abstract: University Library Braunschweig (UB Braunschweig), University and State Library Darmstadt (ULB Darmstadt), TIB – Leibniz Information Centre for Technology and Natural Sciences and the Fraunhofer Information Centre for Planning and Building (Fraunhofer IRB) are jointly establishing a specialised information service (FID, "Fachinformationsdienst") for the disciplines of civil engineering, architecture and urbanism. The FID BAUdigital, which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG, "Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"), will provide researchers working on digital design, planning and production methods in construction engineering with a joint information, networking and data exchange platform and support them with innovative services for documentation, archiving and publication in their data-based research.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.8.e80223

Authors: Audrey Darnaude, Sophie Arnaud-Haond, Ewan Hunter, Oscar Gaggiotti, Anna Sturrock, Maria Beger, Filip Volckaert, Angel Pérez-Ruzafa, Lucía López-López, Susanne E. Tanner, Cemal Turan, Servet Ahmet Doğdu, Stelios Katsanevakis, Federica Costantini

Abstract: Truly sustainable development in a human-altered, fragmented marine environment subject to unprecedented climate change, demands informed planning strategies in order to be successful. Beyond a simple understanding of the distribution of marine species, data describing how variations in spatio-temporal dynamics impact ecosystem functioning and the evolution of species are required. Marine Functional Connectivity (MFC) characterizes the flows of matter, genes and energy produced by organism movements and migrations across the seascape. As such, MFC determines the ecological and evolutionary interdependency of populations, and ultimately the fate of species and ecosystems. Gathering effective MFC knowledge can therefore improve predictions of the impacts of environmental change and help to refine management and conservation strategies for the seas and oceans. Gathering these data are challenging however, as access to, and survey of marine ecosystems still presents significant challenge. Over 50 European institutions currently investigate aspects of MFC using complementary methods across multiple research fields, to understand the ecology and evolution of marine species. The aim of SEA-UNICORN, a COST Action within the European Union Horizon 2020 framework programme, is to bring together this research effort, unite the multiple approaches to MFC, and to integrate these under a common conceptual and analytical framework. The consortium brings together a diverse group of scientists to collate existing MFC data, to identify knowledge gaps, to enhance complementarity among disciplines, and to devise common approaches to MFC. SEA-UNICORN will promote co-working between connectivity practitioners and ecosystem modelers to facilitate the incorporation of MFC data into the predictive models used to identify marine conservation priorities. Ultimately, SEA-UNICORN will forge strong forward-working links between scientists, policy-makers and stakeholders to facilitate the integration of MFC knowledge into decision support tools for marine management and environmental policies.

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DOI: 10.3897/arphapreprints.e81207

Authors: Henrique M. Pereira, Jessi Junker, Néstor Fernández, Joachim Maes, Pedro Beja, Aletta Bonn, Tom Breeze, Lluís Brotons, Helge Bruelheide, Marcel Buchhorn, César Capinha, Cher Chow, Karolin Dietrich, Maria Dornelas, Grégoire Dubois, Miguel Fernandez, Mark Frenzel, Nikolai Friberg, Steffen Fritz, Ivelina Georgieva, Anne Gobin, Carlos Guerra, Sigrid Haande, Sergi Herrando, Ute Jandt, W. Daniel Kissling, Ingolf Kühn, Christian Langer, Camino Liquete, Anne Lyche Solheim, David Martí, Juliette G. C. Martin, Annett Masur, Ian McCallum, Marit Mjelde, Jannicke Moe, Hannah Moersberger, Alejandra Morán-Ordóñez, Francisco Moreira, Martin Musche, Laetitia M. Navarro, Alberto Orgiazzi, Robert Patchett, Lyubomir Penev, Joan Pino, Gabriela Popova, Simon Potts, Anna Ramon, Leonard Sandin, Joana Santana, Anna Sapundzhieva, Linda See, Judy Shamoun-Baranes, Bruno Smets, Pavel Stoev, Leho Tedersoo, Liis Tiimann, Jose Valdez, Sara Vallecillo, Roy H. A. Van Grunsven, Ruben Van De Kerchove, Dani Villero, Piero Visconti, Claudia Weinhold, Annika M. Zuleger

Abstract: Observations are key to understand the drivers of biodiversity loss, and the impacts on ecosystem services and ultimately on people. Many EU policies and initiatives demand unbiased, integrated and regularly updated biodiversity and ecosystem service data. However, efforts to monitor biodiversity are spatially and temporally fragmented, taxonomically biased, and lack integration in Europe. EuropaBON aims to bridge this gap by designing an EU-wide framework for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem services. EuropaBON harnesses the power of modelling essential variables to integrate different reporting streams, data sources, and monitoring schemes. These essential variables provide consistent knowledge about multiple dimensions of biodiversity change across space and time. They can then be analyzed and synthesized to support decision-making at different spatial scales, from the sub-national to the European scale, through the production of indicators and scenarios. To develop essential biodiversity and ecosystem variables workflows that are policy relevant, EuropaBON is built around stakeholder engagement and knowledge exchange (WP2). EuropaBON will work with stakeholders to identify user and policy needs for biodiversity monitoring and investigate the feasibility of setting up a center to coordinate monitoring activities across Europe (WP2). Together with stakeholders, EuropaBON will assess current monitoring efforts to identify gaps, data and workflow bottlenecks, and analyse cost-effectiveness of different schemes (WP3). This will be used to co-design improved monitoring schemes using novel technologies to become more representative temporally, spatially and taxonomically, delivering multiple benefits to users and society (WP4). Finally, EuropaBON will demonstrate in a set of showcases how workflows tailored to the Birds Directive, Habitats Directive, Water Framework Directive, Climate and Restoration Policy, and the Bioeconomy Strategy, can be implemented (WP5).

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.7.e77666

Authors: Judita Tomaskinova, Davide Geneletti, Lynn Dicks, Miriam Grace, Marcus Collier, Davide Longato, Pavel Stoev, Anna Sapundzhieva, Mario Balzan

Abstract: This article presents teaching and learning material from three strategically designed ReNature Horizon 2020 project training activities. A total of twelve presentations covering different aspects of NbS implementation are presented with this article. Additionally, this article also includes materials produced by learners, throughout their work within self-organised groups carried out during the Second ReNature Training School. This is the second article publishing teaching and learning material arising from the ReNature project.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.7.e64121

Authors: Vincent Weidlich

Abstract: Prejudice against citizens with right-aligned political views in western cosmopolitan cities was explored, and possible interventions proposed. Literature and theories were reviewed, with social psychological and sociological theories compiled that explain the reasons for this prejudice and an intervention to solve this problem. Scientific research in social sciences is dominated by bias from left-aligned researchers in social psychology and psychology. Dysfunctional scientific processes prominent in this area of sciences are due to the sacralization of social science. A significantly small percent of social and personality psychologists identify as politically conservative. A significant amount of errors and distortions were found in sociology textbooks. Media and corporation biases toward left-aligned political views were found, and right-aligned individuals are out-group members in cosmopolitan cities. Inoculation by media assignments and critical literacy education is proposed, that could prevent school students from being influenced by stealth messages and propaganda. Media campaigns targeting the full spectrum of political views is proposed, that could help reduce biases of citizens. A family and community health class is proposed, that could improve student’s psychological, family, and social health. Youth and adult clubs are proposed, that could help reduce animosity between social groups, and promote solidarity and community health.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e60893

Authors: Judita Tomaskinova, Lynn Dicks, Marcus Collier, Davide Geneletti, Miriam Grace, Davide Longato, Renata Sadula, Pavel Stoev, Anna Sapundzhieva, Mario V Balzan

Abstract: Nature-based solutions (NbS) have the potential to build climate resilience and tackle key societal challenges while also providing multiple co-benefits to biodiversity and human well-being. The demand for nature-based innovation is strongly felt in Malta – a small island state, with the highest population density in the European Union. Against this background, the Horizon 2020 project ReNature (Promoting research excellence in nature-based solutions for innovation, economic growth and human well-being in Malta) has the goal to enhance research excellence of the Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST), as well as the national research, policy, business and stakeholder community. The six strategically designed training activities fostering capacity-building and research excellence, delivered during the first half of the project, resulted in useful learning outputs. These are twelve presentations, available as attachments to this article, which cover a large scope of topics related to the implementation of NbS. At a later stage, ReNature will publish another round of learning outputs, resulting from the rest of the training activities planned within the scope of the project.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e60450

Authors: Marko-Tapio Hyvärinen, Mikael Lindholm, Heli Fitzgerald, Mari Miranto, Aino Anttila, Outi Pakkanen, Merja Pulkkinen, Pertti Pehkonen, Henry Väre, Pasi Sihvonen, Anniina Kuusijärvi, Leena Myllys, Björn Kröger, Mikko Heikkinen, Aino Juslén, Markku Oinonen, Leif Schulman

Abstract: The collections policy of the Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus is hierarchically structured. The general collections policy defines the overall principles and guidelines. The sub-collections policies, such as the Living collections policy, comply with and apply the general collections policy and specify its guidelines and instructions, taking the special nature of the sub-collections into account. The living plant collections policy guides the care of the collections in the botanic gardens and the seed bank, excluding DNA and tissue samples which are covered by a separate genomic resources policy. The purpose of the collections policy is to help guide the care of the garden collections and the processing of information relating to the collections, thereby providing the basis for developing the botanic gardens.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e59646

Authors: Anna Sapundzhieva, Mario V Balzan, Judita Tomaskinova, Leticia De Santis, Marcus Collier, Jean Williams, Lynn Dicks, Miriam Grace, Davide Geneletti, Iliyana Demirova

Abstract: The ReNature nature-based solutions compendium (http://renature-project.eu/compendium) is an open-source collection, which contains data on nature-based solutions in Malta. Initially collecting information only about Malta, the compendium is growing to include submissions from across the whole Mediterranean region. The development of an open-source compendium plays an essential role in the co-creation of knowledge, and fostering capacity-building at a national and international level, which are some of the key objectives of ReNature. By sharing existing and successful implementation of nature-based solutions, the platform is giving examples of good practices for practitioners and the research community. This paper reviews the process of the development of the ReNature open-source compendium.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e58970

Authors: Mario V Balzan, Judita Tomaskinova, Marcus Collier, Lynn Dicks, Davide Geneletti, Miriam Grace, Davide Longato, Renata Sadula, Pavel Stoev, Anna Sapundzhieva

Abstract: Nature-based solutions (NBS) is a term often used to refer to adequate green infrastructure that provides multiple benefits to society whilst addressing societal challenges. They are defined as actions to protect, sustainably manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. Malta, the smallest member state of the EU, has been characterised by rapid economic growth and urbanisation and Maltese citizens had the highest rate of exposure to pollution, grime or other environmental problems, in the EU. The project ReNature aims to establish and implement a nature-based solutions research strategy for Malta with a vision to promote research and innovation and develop sustainable solutions whilst improving human well-being and tackling environmental challenges. Here, we introduce the opening of ReNature collection of research articles in the Open Access Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO) journal to publish unconventional research outputs and training materials. It will host key outputs relating to the sustainable use of biodiversity, biodiversity – ecosystem functioning, green infrastructure and ecosystem service assessments across rural-urban gradients, equitable access to the benefits derived from nature in cities and socio-environmental justice, payments for ecosystem services, and designing nature-based solutions.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e54770

Authors: Daniel Mietchen, Jundong Li

Abstract: In this project, we will explore the range of data-related decisions made during public health emergencies like the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the flow of information, data, and metadata within networks of such decisions.Data sharing is now considered a key component of addressing present, future, and even past public health emergencies, from local to global levels. Researchers, research institutions, journals and others have taken steps towards increasing the sharing of data around the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and in preparation for future pandemics.We will quantify the effects of data flow modifications to identify parameter sets under which specific modes of sharing or withholding information have the largest effects on outbreak dynamics. For these high-impact parameter sets, we will then assess the current and past availability of corresponding data, metadata, and misinformation, and estimate the effects on outbreak mitigation and preparedness efforts.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e53542

Authors: Roger Hyam

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown an association between vegetation around dwellings and mortality, with mental health as a possible mediator.OBJECTIVES: Examine whether there is an association between greenness and mortality or greenness and the proportion of the population being prescribed drugs for anxiety, depression or psychosis in urban areas of Scotland.METHODS: Two greenness maps were prepared based on Landsat 8 Normalised Difference Vegetation Index data from 2013 to 2016, one for summer and one for winter. Greenness was sampled from these maps around each of 91,357 urban postcodes. The greenness data was averaged by 4,883 urban Data Zones covering 71% of the Scottish population and compared with mortality and prescription rate data from the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.RESULTS: The areas least green in the summer were found to have higher mortality rates but no association was found between mortality and winter-greenness. The largest relative differences of mortality were around 9%. High levels of summer-greenness were associated with an increase in mental health prescription rates but areas with the highest differences between summer and winter-greenness had lower prescription rates than other areas. The largest relative difference in prescription rate was 17%. All models controlled for overall deprivation. It is hypothesised that the year round greenness of mown grass is associated with increased mental health prescriptions and obscures the benefits of other kinds of vegetation on both mortality and mental health.DISCUSSION: There is an association between greenness and mortality and greenness and mental health. The association is both statistically significant and large enough to be of importance for policy making. Higher levels of non mown grass vegetation may be preferable for human wellbeing but more detailed understanding of the diversity of plant life in urban areas and how people related to it is required to make more specific recommendations.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.5.e37478

Authors: Sven Schade, Wiebke Herding, Arne Fellermann, Alexander Kotsev, Michel Gerboles, Annette Borowiak

Abstract: Low-cost air quality sensors continue to spread. While their measurement quality does not compete with high-end instrumentation deployed in official air quality monitoring stations, they have a great potential to complement existing air quality assessments. However, we still see challenges related to data quality, data interoperability, and for collaborating on data assimilation and calibration. In order to move ahead we gathered as a group of 38 organisations from 14 different countries, including governmental authorities, network operators, citizen science initiatives, environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), and academic researchers to explore how we can collaborate and better leverage each other’s work. This statement captures our joint findings and recommendations. Our key observations include: Co-operation between official monitoring networks (reference quality data) and lower-cost sensor operators is a key to make air quality data more usable. To be able to combine forces and benefit from each other’s expertise, the different perspectives of all stakeholders should be taken into account. There is a need to ensure that all users understand the possibilities and the limitations of making sense out of observations from different sensors. It is not realistic to expect that in the near future the data quality of lower-cost sensors will be as good as that of the official data. A way to make use of data that is of lower accuracy is by employing them in air quality modelling. Transparency about data quality is important to build more trust in the data, and to avoid unrealistic expectations. The need for interoperability should be clearly articulated and promoted by potential data users. There a need (and an opportunity) to provide guidance and standard operating procedures for the deployment and calibration of lower-cost sensors in order to increase the data quality delivered by participants of citizen science projects. Presently, we prefer to consider fixed-stationary sensors in a network instead of mobile sensor data. Furthermore, stationary data should not be aggregated with data from mobile sensors. Publishing and sharing this statement is only small step in the right direction and further actions have to be taken, inlcuding more in-depth discussions of the recommendations in smaller groups and follow-up meetings on dedicated topics.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.5.e34059

Authors: Sven Schade, Wiebke Herding, Arne Fellermann, Alexander Kotsev

Abstract: Low-cost air quality sensors continue to spread. While their measurement quality does not compete with high-end instrumentation deployed in official air quality monitoring stations, they have a great potential to complement existing air quality assessments. However, we still see challenges related to data quality, data interoperability, and for collaborating on data assimilation and calibration. In order to move ahead we gathered as a group of 38 organisations from 14 different countries, including governmental authorities, network operators, citizen science initiatives, environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), and academic researchers to explore how we can collaborate and better leverage each other’s work. This statement captures our joint findings and recommendations. Our key observations include: Co-operation between official monitoring networks (reference quality data) and lower-cost sensor operators is a key to make air quality data more usable. To be able to combine forces and benefit from each other’s expertise, the different perspectives of all stakeholders should be taken into account. There is a need to ensure that all users understand the possibilities and the limitations of making sense out of observations from different sensors. It is not realistic to expect that in the near future the data quality of lower-cost sensors will be as good as that of the official data. A way to make use of data that is of lower accuracy is by employing them in air quality modelling. Transparency about data quality is important to build more trust in the data, and to avoid unrealistic expectations. The need for interoperability should be clearly articulated and promoted by potential data users. There a need (and an opportunity) to provide guidance and standard operating procedures for the deployment and calibration of lower-cost sensors in order to increase the data quality delivered by participants of citizen science projects. Presently, we prefer to consider fixed-stationary sensors in a network instead of mobile sensor data. Furthermore, stationary data should not be aggregated with data from mobile sensors. Publishing and sharing this statement is only small step in the right direction and further actions have to be taken, inlcuding more in-depth discussions of the recommendations in smaller groups and follow-up meetings on dedicated topics.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.5.e33521

Authors: Álvaro Briz-Redón

Abstract: Spatial statistics is an important field of data science with many applications in very different areas of study such as epidemiology, criminology, seismology, astronomy and econometrics, among others. In particular, spatial statistics has frequently been used to analyze traffic accidents datasets with explanatory and preventive objectives. Traditionally, these studies have employed spatial statistics techniques at some level of areal aggregation, usually related to administrative units. However, last decade has brought an increasing number of works on the spatial incidence and distribution of traffic accidents at the road level by means of the spatial structure known as a linear network. This change seems positive because it could provide deeper and more accurate investigations than previous studies that were based on areal spatial units. The interest in working at the road level renders some technical difficulties due to the high complexity of these structures, specially in terms of manipulation and rectification. The R Shiny app SpNetPrep, which is available online and via an R package named the same way, has the goal of providing certain functionalities that could be useful for a user which is interested in performing an spatial analysis over a road network structure.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.4.e31430

Authors: René Véron, Nishara Fernando, N. C. Narayanan, Bishnu Upreti, Babu Ambat, Ranga Pallawala, Sudarshan Rajbhandari, Swetha Rao Dhananka, Christian Zurbrügg

Abstract: Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) has become one of the most pressing environmental issues in South Asian cities, the more so as it is closely linked to drinking water quality, sanitation and human health affecting mostly the urban poor, as well as to global climate change. Looking at recent governance initiatives in three South Asian cities developed in the wake of natural or human-induced crises, the project will focus on how to render MSWM improvements politically feasible and socially acceptable, which is a pre-requisites for functioning SWM systems, and thus for (environmental and social) sustainability more generally. The goal of this project, therefore, is to identify, analyze and promote the political and sociocultural processes that are necessary to enable the functioning of MSWM systems. In particular, alternative practices and systems are promoted, whereby institutional hierarchies are decentralized, favoring horizontal accountabilities and whereby waste chains are shortened and transformed into closed loops implying a more circular waste economy in which both environmental and local livelihood benefits would accrue. The project puts emphasis on mutual learning through horizontal South-South partnerships between local authorities, civil society actors and researchers across South Asia.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.4.e31648

Authors: Carmen Cuenca-Garcia, Kayt Armstrong, Elina Aidona, Philippe De Smedt, Anne Rosveare, Martin Rosveare, Petra Schneidhofer, Clare Wilson, Jörg Faßbinder, Ian Moffat, Apostolos Sarris, Marion Scheiblecker, Abir Jrad, Martijn van Leusen, Kelsey Lowe

Abstract: Archaeological sites can be discovered and recorded in a high-resolution and non-invasive manner using geophysical methods. These measure the spatial variation of a range of physical properties of the soil which may be representative proxies of the subsurface archaeology. Less-invasive and cost-effective field procedures have become top-priority to mitigate the destructive effects on our cultural heritage from intensified land use, climate change and the current conflict panorama.At a time when many organisations are investing in advanced geophysical equipment, a major problem is that our ability to fully interpret the information available from geophysical datasets is still very limited. This deficiency prevents geophysical survey moving beyond basic prospection and becoming a significant tool for answering nuanced questions about archaeology and their host landscapes. This limitation arises from an incomplete understanding of the relationship between soil properties and geophysical measurements. Bridging this gap requires multi-disciplinary teams, testing novel methods, plus scholarly discussion to collate the outcomes of projects on this topic. Overcoming these challenges is a prerequisite for maximising the costeffectiveness of geophysical methods, realising the expected benefits of technological investment and allowing broader utility of geophysical methods in the cultural heritage sector.SAGA will build an international network of geophysicists, archaeologists, soil scientists and other experts to develop our capability to interpret geophysical data and promote research collaborations. Our vision is that after four years, SAGA will have created an environment within which emerging field procedures, enhanced data interpretation and a broader understanding of integrated geophysical methods can flourish.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.4.e30729

Authors: Solveig Hausken, Natalie Barker-Ruchti, Astrid Schubring, Stefan Grau

Abstract: This interdisciplinary research project will produce evidence-based recommendations on how injuries in Swedish youth football (soccer) can be prevented. Fewer injuries will positively impact athlete health, performance and career longevity and have the potential to promote life-long physical activity and wellbeing.Injury pattern research demonstrates that injuries are a significant problem in (Swedish) youth sport. Football has a higher traumatic and overuse injury rate than many contact/collision sports (e.g., field hockey, basketball). In research on youth football, the incidence of overuse training injuries was measured as high as 15.4 injuries per 1000 training hours, and the incidence of traumatic and overuse match injuries was 47.5 injuries per 1000 match hours. The injury frequency is alarming and applies to the 54% of children aged 7-14 and the 39% of youths aged 15-19 years who participate in Swedish organised sports. A large body of research identifies injury risk factors and preventative strategies; however, as the recent IOC consensus statement on youth athletic development points out, the existing, mostly bio-medical knowledge does not provide effective evidence-based injury prevention strategies. To address this deficit, interdisciplinary and context-driven knowledge on injury development in youth sport is needed.The proposed project will produce scientific evidence through four consecutive studies: a) Questionnaire to register the types, frequency and management of injuries; b) Laboratory testing of biomechanical, clinical and training-specific parameters to establish individual physical and sport-specific dispositions; c) Observation of sporting contexts to understand sporting cultures, coaching methods and coach-athlete relationships; and d) Interviews with coaches and players to recognize knowledge that shapes coaching and training. The sample of youth players will be recruited from Sweden’s most popular and injury-prone sport: football. Each of the four studies will conduct its own data production and analyses, and a collective analysis will produce integrated evidence. Concrete recommendations for best sporting practice will be developed, which will serve sporting federations, sport education institutions, coaches, sport support staff and players.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.4.e29319

Authors: Dasapta Irawan, Thomas Putranto, Achmad Darul

Abstract: The regional environmental changes are affecting groundwater ecosystems in Semarang area. The development of new settlements, industrial complexes, and trade centers have degraded the groundwater setting of the city, which serves as the capital of Central Java Province. This has led us to compile several groundwater quality dataset that have been taken from 1992 to 2007. Our original motivation is to come up with an open dataset that can be used as the baseline for groundwater monitoring. The dataset consists of 58 samples were taken in 1992, 1993, 2003, 2006, and 2007 using well point data from several reports from Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, engineering consultants, as well as from researchers from Universitas Diponegoro and Institut Teknologi Bandung. Each site has a set of 20 physical and chemical variables.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.4.e23957

Authors: Adam Hambly, Colin Stedmon

Abstract: FluorRAS will develop a sensor that can save recycled fish farms 30% per year in water and energy consumption for water treatment, as well as optimize nitrogen removal. The sensor will be developed in a partnership between engineers (Krüger A / S) and researchers (DTU), and the product will be made available to the entire sector through Danish Aquaculture. Global aquaculture production is expected to double within the next 15 years. Recycling technology has a great potential for supporting environmentally and economically sustainable production. However, the technology has some challenges in balancing both the maintenance of necessary water quality and water treatment costs. Loss of production due to poor water quality is expensive and can be avoided with correct sensor systems. Accumulation of dissolved organic matter and nutrients in the water reduce the effectiveness of UV treatment, is a source of nutrition for opportunistic pathogens, and reduces the effectiveness of the biofilter's removing ammonia. Modern recycling systems are therefore dependent on a network of online sensors that monitor and respond to changes in water quality, but currently there is a need for a sensor to monitor the accumulation of organic matter. FluoRAS aims to fill this gap in technology by developing an online fluorescence sensor. The sensor is based on non-destructive, online optical technology that does not require chemicals and can run continuously.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e11321

Authors: Florian Leese, Florian Altermatt, Agnès Bouchez, Torbjørn Ekrem, Daniel Hering, Kristian Meissner, Patricia Mergen, Jan Pawlowski, Jeremy Piggott, Frédéric Rimet, Dirk Steinke, Pierre Taberlet, Alexander Weigand, Kessy Abarenkov, Pedro Beja, Lieven Bervoets, Snaedís Björnsdóttir, Pieter Boets, Angela Boggero, Atle Bones, Ángel Borja, Kat Bruce, Vojislava Bursić, Jens Carlsson, Fedor Čiampor, Zuzana Čiamporová-Zatovičová, Eric Coissac, Filipe Costa, Marieta Costache, Simon Creer, Zoltán Csabai, Kristy Deiner, Ángel DelValls, Stina Drakare, Sofia Duarte, Tina Eleršek, Stefano Fazi, Cene Fišer, Jean-François Flot, Vera Fonseca, Diego Fontaneto, Michael Grabowski, Wolfram Graf, Jóhannes Guðbrandsson, Micaela Hellström, Yaron Hershkovitz, Peter Hollingsworth, Bella Japoshvili, John Jones, Maria Kahlert, Belma Kalamujic Stroil, Panagiotis Kasapidis, Martyn Kelly, Mary Kelly-Quinn, Emre Keskin, Urmas Kõljalg, Zrinka Ljubešić, Irena Maček, Elvira Mächler, Andrew Mahon, Marketa Marečková, Maja Mejdandzic, Georgina Mircheva, Matteo Montagna, Christian Moritz, Vallo Mulk, Andreja Naumoski, Ion Navodaru, Judit Padisák, Snæbjörn Pálsson, Kristel Panksep, Lyubomir Penev, Adam Petrusek, Martin Pfannkuchen, Craig Primmer, Baruch Rinkevich, Ana Rotter, Astrid Schmidt-Kloiber, Pedro Segurado, Arjen Speksnijder, Pavel Stoev, Malin Strand, Sigitas Šulčius, Per Sundberg, Michael Traugott, Costas Tsigenopoulos, Xavier Turon, Alice Valentini, Berry van der Hoorn, Gábor Várbíró, Marlen Vasquez Hadjilyra, Javier Viguri, Irma Vitonytė, Alfried Vogler, Trude Vrålstad, Wolfgang Wägele, Roman Wenne, Anne Winding, Guy Woodward, Bojana Zegura, Jonas Zimmermann

Abstract: The protection, preservation and restoration of aquatic ecosystems and their functions are of global importance. For European states it became legally binding mainly through the EU-Water Framework Directive (WFD). In order to assess the ecological status of a given water body, aquatic biodiversity data are obtained and compared to a reference water body. The quantified mismatch obtained determines the extent of potential management actions. The current approach to biodiversity assessment is based on morpho-taxonomy. This approach has many drawbacks such as being time consuming, limited in temporal and spatial resolution, and error-prone due to the varying individual taxonomic expertise of the analysts. Novel genomic tools can overcome many of the aforementioned problems and could complement or even replace traditional bioassessment. Yet, a plethora of approaches are independently developed in different institutions, thereby hampering any concerted routine application. The goal of this Action is to nucleate a group of researchers across disciplines with the task to identify gold-standard genomic tools and novel eco-genomic indices for routine application in biodiversity assessments of European fresh- and marine water bodies. Furthermore, DNAqua-Net will provide a platform for training of the next generation of European researchers preparing them for the new technologies. Jointly with water managers, politicians, and other stakeholders, the group will develop a conceptual framework for the standard application of eco-genomic tools as part of legally binding assessments.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e11065

Authors: Hong Xu, Mayu Ishida, Minglu Wang

Abstract:

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e9841

Authors: Dasapta Irawan, Adhi Priyambodho, Cut Rachmi, Dimas Wibowo, Andita Fahmi

Abstract: This paper is an example to visualize bibliometric data to extract paper’s topics and their citation relation. It is very important to evaluate the number of documents, the intensity of the paper’s topic, and the relationship between papers. The output can be used to pinpoint suitable research topic. We began with 246 papers, gathered from Google Scholar, Crossref, and Scopus database. We narrowed them down to 70 papers based on language, relevance, pdf availability, and metadata completeness. Open source tools, Vosviewer, Zotero-PaperMachine plugin, were used to visualize the existing reference database. The following paper gives an illustration that a brief bibliometric analysis could assist a researcher to determine our research path. It gives us a glimpse of research landscape in Jakarta area. Therefore for deeper analysis, we will focus our literature review on groundwater and surface water interactions.

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e8880

Authors: Cameron Neylon, Leslie Chan

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e8726

Authors: János Tóth

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e8720

Authors: Josh Fisher, Alex Nading

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DOI: 10.3897/rio.2.e8134

Authors: Nik-Othman Abdullah

Abstract:

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