(a) Biodiversity and habitat change bow-tie for the Irish Sea BBT. Black arrows indicate the direction of change, thickness of arrows - magnitude of change/importance. Dashed yellow arrows indicate connections between different kinds of impacts; (b) List of suggested 18 prevention and mitigation measures (controls), related to: nature protection (1-6), technology (7), knowledge building (8-9), governance (11-14), economy (15-16), cultural and social controls (17-18). Each number is followed by a harmonised vocabulary number (Franco et al. 2025).